Pakistan’s water resource management: Ensuring water security for sustainable development
نویسندگان
چکیده
Pakistan is blessed with abundant water resources but facing a critical shortage due to lack of storage facilities, poor governance, and the adverse impacts climate change. The burgeoning population at present 225 million, which expected cross 250 million by 2025 creating an additional burden on resources, as per capita availability depleting sharply from 5,000 m3 in 1951 1,100 2005, fall 800 2025. Pakistan’s demand increasing average yearly rate 10% terms area will increase 338 km3 2025, against 240–258 km3. Out available surface water, approximately 74% extracted, while 83% groundwater used for agricultural other uses, exceptionally high ratio water-scarce country like Pakistan. change are also causing extreme weather conditions, resulting drought floods almost every year. Inadequate reservoirs, wastage agriculture households, negligible wastewater recycling, contamination drinking health risks that have turned serious national security challenges This research article argues subsurface sharply, if not addressed time, has potential becoming biggest problem. investigates status covering detail, including reservoirs storage, sectoral utilization, draw conclusions usage requirement. policy recommendations highlight effective integration smart technology addressing multidimensional issues efficient governance ensuring sustainable development
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Frontiers in Environmental Science
سال: 2023
ISSN: ['2296-665X']
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/fenvs.2023.1096747